Result table: plain / 31873946138
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dcompact →
generated (UTC): 2026-08-15 11:25:39+00:00
raw logs: ToplingDB zipkeyonly | ToplingDB zipkeyvalue | RocksDB v8.10 | RocksDB master (323d915d) | DB INFO LOGs + bench yamls (Actions artifact)
ToplingDB bench yaml: zipkeyonly db_bench-fillrandom.yaml | zipkeyonly db_bench-fillseq.yaml | zipkeyvalue db_bench-fillrandom.yaml | zipkeyvalue db_bench-fillseq.yaml
Runner hardware/software
| OS | Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS |
| Kernel | 6.17.0-1022-azure |
| CPU | AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor |
| Logical CPUs | 4 |
| Memory | 15.6GiB |
| /dev/shm | 7.8GiB |
| RocksDB block cache | 7.8GiB |
num=100000000 | key_size=8 | value_size=50
On-disk DB size (3.7GiB) ≤ block cache (7.8GiB) — cache can hold the entire dataset. So this benchmark mainly shows CPU and memory cost. With ToplingDB dcompact, most of that CPU and memory cost can be offloaded.
ToplingDB zipkeyonly
db_bench (fillrandom+compact+readseq/readrandom)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillrandom | 1.032035 | 968956 | 103.204 | 100000000 | 53.6 MB/s |
| compact | 30776639.000000 | 0 | 30.777 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.040048 | 24970073 | 4.005 | 100000000 | 1381.2 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.039968 | 25019784 | 3.997 | 100000000 | 1383.9 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.040123 | 24923279 | 4.012 | 100000000 | 1378.6 MB/s |
| readrandom | 0.254054 | 3936168 | 25.405 | 100000000 | 137.6 MB/s (63209132 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench (fillseq suite)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillseq | 0.437290 | 2286812 | 43.729 | 100000000 | 126.5 MB/s |
| compact | 41508453.000000 | 0 | 41.508 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.031791 | 31454938 | 3.179 | 100000000 | 1739.9 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.031804 | 31442012 | 3.180 | 100000000 | 1739.2 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.031862 | 31384512 | 3.186 | 100000000 | 1736.0 MB/s |
| readrandom | 0.168530 | 5933645 | 16.853 | 100000000 | 328.2 MB/s (100000000 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench omit lazy-load (fillrandom DB)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| nextwithkey | 0.025283 | 39551251 | 2.528 | 100000000 | 301.8 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.025315 | 39501974 | 2.532 | 100000000 | 301.4 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.025141 | 39775507 | 2.514 | 100000000 | 303.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025766 | 38810037 | 2.577 | 100000000 | 296.1 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025854 | 38678315 | 2.585 | 100000000 | 295.1 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025777 | 38793446 | 2.578 | 100000000 | 296.0 MB/s |
db_bench omit lazy-load (fillseq DB)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| nextwithkey | 0.019294 | 51829933 | 1.929 | 100000000 | 395.4 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.019322 | 51752869 | 1.932 | 100000000 | 394.8 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.019293 | 51829181 | 1.929 | 100000000 | 395.4 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019562 | 51117688 | 1.956 | 100000000 | 390.0 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019576 | 51081053 | 1.958 | 100000000 | 389.7 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019479 | 51336968 | 1.948 | 100000000 | 391.7 MB/s |
memtablerep_bench (skiplist)
| benchmark | metric | value |
|---|
| fillrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| fillrandom | Elapsed time | 281732504 us |
| fillrandom | Total bytes written | 1621.25 MiB |
| fillrandom | Write throughput | 5.75456 MiB/s |
| fillrandom | write us/op | 2.81733 |
| readrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| readrandom | Elapsed time | 340376822 us |
| readrandom | Total bytes read | 1621.25 MiB |
| readrandom | Read throughput | 4.76309 MiB/s |
| readrandom | read us/op | 3.40377 |
memtablerep_bench (cspp, ToplingDB only)
| benchmark | metric | value |
|---|
| fillrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| fillrandom | Elapsed time | 33516163 us |
| fillrandom | Total bytes written | 1621.25 MiB |
| fillrandom | Write throughput | 48.3721 MiB/s |
| fillrandom | write us/op | 0.335162 |
| readrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| readrandom | Elapsed time | 49614774 us |
| readrandom | Total bytes read | 1621.25 MiB |
| readrandom | Read throughput | 32.6767 MiB/s |
| readrandom | read us/op | 0.496148 |
ToplingDB zipkeyvalue
db_bench (fillrandom+compact+readseq/readrandom)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillrandom | 1.005070 | 994953 | 100.507 | 100000000 | 55.0 MB/s |
| compact | 80151231.000000 | 0 | 80.151 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.058868 | 16987039 | 5.887 | 100000000 | 939.6 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.059346 | 16850162 | 5.935 | 100000000 | 932.0 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.058620 | 17058919 | 5.862 | 100000000 | 943.6 MB/s |
| readrandom | 0.544700 | 1835872 | 54.470 | 100000000 | 64.2 MB/s (63213063 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench (fillseq suite)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillseq | 0.440827 | 2268459 | 44.083 | 100000000 | 125.5 MB/s |
| compact | 125931419.000000 | 0 | 125.931 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.047939 | 20859577 | 4.794 | 100000000 | 1153.8 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.047418 | 21088602 | 4.742 | 100000000 | 1166.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.047350 | 21119234 | 4.735 | 100000000 | 1168.2 MB/s |
| readrandom | 0.624991 | 1600021 | 62.499 | 100000000 | 88.5 MB/s (100000000 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench omit lazy-load (fillrandom DB)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| nextwithkey | 0.025090 | 39855102 | 2.509 | 100000000 | 304.1 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.025140 | 39776709 | 2.514 | 100000000 | 303.5 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.025099 | 39841367 | 2.510 | 100000000 | 304.0 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025643 | 38995370 | 2.564 | 100000000 | 297.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025763 | 38813442 | 2.576 | 100000000 | 296.1 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025561 | 39121334 | 2.556 | 100000000 | 298.5 MB/s |
db_bench omit lazy-load (fillseq DB)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| nextwithkey | 0.019154 | 52207134 | 1.915 | 100000000 | 398.3 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.018981 | 52683680 | 1.898 | 100000000 | 401.9 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.018944 | 52786799 | 1.894 | 100000000 | 402.7 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019419 | 51494976 | 1.942 | 100000000 | 392.9 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019444 | 51428318 | 1.944 | 100000000 | 392.4 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019484 | 51323873 | 1.948 | 100000000 | 391.6 MB/s |
RocksDB v8.10
db_bench (fillrandom+compact+readseq/readrandom)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillrandom | 1.430 | 699152 | 143.030 | 100000000 | 38.7 MB/s |
| compact | 76553186.000 | 0 | 76.553 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.132 | 7565196 | 8.357 | 63218737 | 418.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.093 | 10760778 | 5.875 | 63218737 | 595.2 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.093 | 10810051 | 5.848 | 63218737 | 597.9 MB/s |
| readrandom | 2.619 | 381792 | 261.923 | 100000000 | 13.4 MB/s (63221837 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench (fillseq suite)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillseq | 0.270 | 3706828 | 26.977 | 100000000 | 205.0 MB/s |
| compact | 42021203.000 | 0 | 42.021 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.158 | 6340917 | 15.771 | 100000000 | 350.7 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.092 | 10847581 | 9.219 | 100000000 | 600.0 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.092 | 10853829 | 9.213 | 100000000 | 600.4 MB/s |
| readrandom | 2.917 | 342829 | 291.690 | 100000000 | 19.0 MB/s (100000000 of 100000000 found) |
memtablerep_bench (skiplist)
| benchmark | metric | value |
|---|
| fillrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| fillrandom | Elapsed time | 257202140 us |
| fillrandom | Total bytes written | 1621.25 MiB |
| fillrandom | Write throughput | 6.30339 MiB/s |
| fillrandom | write us/op | 2.57202 |
| readrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| readrandom | Elapsed time | 309686682 us |
| readrandom | Total bytes read | 1621.25 MiB |
| readrandom | Read throughput | 5.23512 MiB/s |
| readrandom | read us/op | 3.09687 |
RocksDB master (323d915d)
db_bench (fillrandom+compact+readseq/readrandom)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillrandom | 1.534 | 651706 | 153.443 | 100000000 | 36.0 MB/s |
| compact | 52995595.000 | 0 | 52.996 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.182 | 5504562 | 11.484 | 63214991 | 304.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.135 | 7415688 | 8.524 | 63214991 | 410.2 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.134 | 7452023 | 8.483 | 63214991 | 412.2 MB/s |
| readrandom | 2.834 | 352846 | 283.410 | 100000000 | 12.3 MB/s (63214394 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench (fillseq suite)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillseq | 0.266 | 3763193 | 26.573 | 100000000 | 208.2 MB/s |
| compact | 38796300.000 | 0 | 38.796 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.201 | 4974201 | 20.104 | 100000000 | 275.1 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.130 | 7673848 | 13.031 | 100000000 | 424.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.130 | 7701295 | 12.985 | 100000000 | 426.0 MB/s |
| readrandom | 3.089 | 323700 | 308.927 | 100000000 | 17.9 MB/s (100000000 of 100000000 found) |
memtablerep_bench (skiplist)
| benchmark | metric | value |
|---|
| fillrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| fillrandom | Elapsed time | 280553394 us |
| fillrandom | Total bytes written | 1621.25 MiB |
| fillrandom | Write throughput | 5.77874 MiB/s |
| fillrandom | write us/op | 2.80553 |
| readrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| readrandom | Elapsed time | 325927164 us |
| readrandom | Total bytes read | 1621.25 MiB |
| readrandom | Read throughput | 4.97426 MiB/s |
| readrandom | read us/op | 3.25927 |