Result table: plain / 31918647193
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dcompact →
generated (UTC): 2026-08-16 03:27:00+00:00
raw logs: ToplingDB zipkeyonly | ToplingDB zipkeyvalue | RocksDB v8.10 | RocksDB master (323d915d) | DB INFO LOGs + bench yamls (Actions artifact)
ToplingDB bench yaml: zipkeyonly db_bench-fillrandom.yaml | zipkeyonly db_bench-fillseq.yaml | zipkeyvalue db_bench-fillrandom.yaml | zipkeyvalue db_bench-fillseq.yaml
Runner hardware/software
| OS | Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS |
| Kernel | 6.17.0-1022-azure |
| CPU | AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor |
| Logical CPUs | 4 |
| Memory | 15.6GiB |
| /dev/shm | 7.8GiB |
| RocksDB block cache | 7.8GiB |
num=100000000 | key_size=8 | value_size=50
On-disk DB size (3.7GiB) ≤ block cache (7.8GiB) — cache can hold the entire dataset. So this benchmark mainly shows CPU and memory cost. With ToplingDB dcompact, most of that CPU and memory cost can be offloaded.
ToplingDB zipkeyonly
db_bench (fillrandom+compact+readseq/readrandom)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillrandom | 1.007968 | 992095 | 100.797 | 100000000 | 54.9 MB/s |
| compact | 33186154.000000 | 0 | 33.186 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.040746 | 24542099 | 4.075 | 100000000 | 1357.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.040597 | 24632082 | 4.060 | 100000000 | 1362.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.040922 | 24436584 | 4.092 | 100000000 | 1351.7 MB/s |
| readrandom | 0.210309 | 4754891 | 21.031 | 100000000 | 166.3 MB/s (63213179 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench (fillseq suite)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillseq | 0.434737 | 2300240 | 43.474 | 100000000 | 127.2 MB/s |
| compact | 41555842.000000 | 0 | 41.556 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.031877 | 31369724 | 3.188 | 100000000 | 1735.2 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.031846 | 31400427 | 3.185 | 100000000 | 1736.9 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.031830 | 31416162 | 3.183 | 100000000 | 1737.7 MB/s |
| readrandom | 0.149544 | 6686962 | 14.954 | 100000000 | 369.9 MB/s (100000000 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench omit lazy-load (fillrandom DB)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| nextwithkey | 0.025151 | 39758411 | 2.515 | 100000000 | 303.3 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.025309 | 39509965 | 2.531 | 100000000 | 301.4 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.025083 | 39866749 | 2.508 | 100000000 | 304.2 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025732 | 38861090 | 2.573 | 100000000 | 296.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025934 | 38557873 | 2.594 | 100000000 | 294.2 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025730 | 38864488 | 2.573 | 100000000 | 296.5 MB/s |
db_bench omit lazy-load (fillseq DB)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| nextwithkey | 0.019142 | 52241718 | 1.914 | 100000000 | 398.6 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.019087 | 52391103 | 1.909 | 100000000 | 399.7 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.019057 | 52474431 | 1.906 | 100000000 | 400.3 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019432 | 51459970 | 1.943 | 100000000 | 392.6 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019473 | 51351230 | 1.947 | 100000000 | 391.8 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019735 | 50669932 | 1.974 | 100000000 | 386.6 MB/s |
memtablerep_bench (skiplist)
| benchmark | metric | value |
|---|
| fillrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| fillrandom | Elapsed time | 271776315 us |
| fillrandom | Total bytes written | 1621.25 MiB |
| fillrandom | Write throughput | 5.96537 MiB/s |
| fillrandom | write us/op | 2.71776 |
| readrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| readrandom | Elapsed time | 343524140 us |
| readrandom | Total bytes read | 1621.25 MiB |
| readrandom | Read throughput | 4.71945 MiB/s |
| readrandom | read us/op | 3.43524 |
memtablerep_bench (cspp, ToplingDB only)
| benchmark | metric | value |
|---|
| fillrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| fillrandom | Elapsed time | 34961214 us |
| fillrandom | Total bytes written | 1621.25 MiB |
| fillrandom | Write throughput | 46.3727 MiB/s |
| fillrandom | write us/op | 0.349612 |
| readrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| readrandom | Elapsed time | 46902456 us |
| readrandom | Total bytes read | 1621.25 MiB |
| readrandom | Read throughput | 34.5663 MiB/s |
| readrandom | read us/op | 0.469025 |
ToplingDB zipkeyvalue
db_bench (fillrandom+compact+readseq/readrandom)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillrandom | 1.022118 | 978355 | 102.212 | 100000000 | 54.1 MB/s |
| compact | 79422645.000000 | 0 | 79.423 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.060565 | 16511118 | 6.057 | 100000000 | 913.3 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.059576 | 16785229 | 5.958 | 100000000 | 928.4 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.060023 | 16660269 | 6.002 | 100000000 | 921.5 MB/s |
| readrandom | 0.536642 | 1863438 | 53.664 | 100000000 | 65.2 MB/s (63210642 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench (fillseq suite)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillseq | 0.441424 | 2265392 | 44.142 | 100000000 | 125.3 MB/s |
| compact | 128005950.000000 | 0 | 128.006 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.047879 | 20885525 | 4.788 | 100000000 | 1155.2 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.047170 | 21199960 | 4.717 | 100000000 | 1172.6 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.047145 | 21210806 | 4.715 | 100000000 | 1173.2 MB/s |
| readrandom | 0.659447 | 1516421 | 65.945 | 100000000 | 83.9 MB/s (100000000 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench omit lazy-load (fillrandom DB)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| nextwithkey | 0.025196 | 39687910 | 2.520 | 100000000 | 302.8 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.025098 | 39843669 | 2.510 | 100000000 | 304.0 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.025128 | 39795562 | 2.513 | 100000000 | 303.6 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025570 | 39107091 | 2.557 | 100000000 | 298.4 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025583 | 39087952 | 2.558 | 100000000 | 298.2 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.025594 | 39071077 | 2.559 | 100000000 | 298.1 MB/s |
db_bench omit lazy-load (fillseq DB)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| nextwithkey | 0.019018 | 52579967 | 1.902 | 100000000 | 401.2 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.019045 | 52504766 | 1.905 | 100000000 | 400.6 MB/s |
| nextwithkey | 0.018955 | 52754914 | 1.896 | 100000000 | 402.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019424 | 51480661 | 1.942 | 100000000 | 392.8 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019436 | 51449830 | 1.944 | 100000000 | 392.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.019431 | 51460659 | 1.943 | 100000000 | 392.6 MB/s |
RocksDB v8.10
db_bench (fillrandom+compact+readseq/readrandom)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillrandom | 1.542 | 648312 | 154.246 | 100000000 | 35.9 MB/s |
| compact | 56328410.000 | 0 | 56.328 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.133 | 7514431 | 8.412 | 63208616 | 415.6 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.094 | 10682466 | 5.917 | 63208616 | 590.9 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.094 | 10640826 | 5.940 | 63208616 | 588.6 MB/s |
| readrandom | 2.989 | 334573 | 298.888 | 100000000 | 11.7 MB/s (63209657 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench (fillseq suite)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillseq | 0.403 | 2482463 | 40.283 | 100000000 | 137.3 MB/s |
| compact | 37914333.000 | 0 | 37.914 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.159 | 6282624 | 15.917 | 100000000 | 347.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.092 | 10821028 | 9.241 | 100000000 | 598.5 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.092 | 10840216 | 9.225 | 100000000 | 599.6 MB/s |
| readrandom | 3.163 | 316117 | 316.338 | 100000000 | 17.5 MB/s (100000000 of 100000000 found) |
memtablerep_bench (skiplist)
| benchmark | metric | value |
|---|
| fillrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| fillrandom | Elapsed time | 281725546 us |
| fillrandom | Total bytes written | 1621.25 MiB |
| fillrandom | Write throughput | 5.7547 MiB/s |
| fillrandom | write us/op | 2.81726 |
| readrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| readrandom | Elapsed time | 335083263 us |
| readrandom | Total bytes read | 1621.25 MiB |
| readrandom | Read throughput | 4.83834 MiB/s |
| readrandom | read us/op | 3.35083 |
RocksDB master (323d915d)
db_bench (fillrandom+compact+readseq/readrandom)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillrandom | 1.525 | 655879 | 152.467 | 100000000 | 36.3 MB/s |
| compact | 73154189.000 | 0 | 73.154 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.187 | 5347536 | 11.821 | 63213725 | 295.8 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.139 | 7191018 | 8.791 | 63213725 | 397.8 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.136 | 7350629 | 8.600 | 63213725 | 406.6 MB/s |
| readrandom | 2.856 | 350092 | 285.638 | 100000000 | 12.2 MB/s (63208486 of 100000000 found) |
db_bench (fillseq suite)
| benchmark | micros/op | ops/sec | seconds | operations | extra |
|---|
| fillseq | 0.412 | 2427283 | 41.198 | 100000000 | 134.3 MB/s |
| compact | 40972454.000 | 0 | 40.972 | 1 | |
| readseq | 0.201 | 4983969 | 20.064 | 100000000 | 275.7 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.129 | 7734214 | 12.930 | 100000000 | 427.8 MB/s |
| readseq | 0.129 | 7743892 | 12.913 | 100000000 | 428.3 MB/s |
| readrandom | 3.076 | 325054 | 307.640 | 100000000 | 18.0 MB/s (100000000 of 100000000 found) |
memtablerep_bench (skiplist)
| benchmark | metric | value |
|---|
| fillrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| fillrandom | Elapsed time | 272092205 us |
| fillrandom | Total bytes written | 1621.25 MiB |
| fillrandom | Write throughput | 5.95844 MiB/s |
| fillrandom | write us/op | 2.72092 |
| readrandom | Number of threads | 1 |
| readrandom | Elapsed time | 330639041 us |
| readrandom | Total bytes read | 1621.25 MiB |
| readrandom | Read throughput | 4.90337 MiB/s |
| readrandom | read us/op | 3.30639 |